Keep Yourself Connected

 

Chapter 5.1: Common Equipment Problems: 

Exploring the Human Network

 

Chapter 4.1: Virtual Communities: 

Chapter 4.2: Opportunities for Study and Work: 

Chapter 4.3: Social Networks: 

Chapter 4.4: Tools on the Web: 

All About the Internet

 

Chapter 3.1: Computer Networks: 

Chapter 3.2: Internet: 

Chapter 3.3: Surfing the Internet: 

Chapter 3.4: ISPs and Connection Types: 

Chapter 3.5: Search: 

Chapter 3.6: Email: 

Files and Directories

Chapter 2.1: Exploring the folders, files, and programs:  

Chapter 2.2: Editing a document:  

Data Link Layer Quiz

 Data Link Layer Quiz

Question 1

A school is adding 10 computers to a classroom. What is the most common physical network topology that is used in a classroom?

• bus
• ring
• star
• extended star

The star physical topology is common in smaller networks. It is easy to troubleshoot, and connection issues are limited to the cable and host affected. Bus and ring topologies are harder to troubleshoot. Extended star topologies are more suitable for larger, more complex networks.

Question 2

Which media access method requires that an end device send a notification across the media before sending data?

• CSMA/CA​
• CSMA/CD​
• deterministic
• token passing

The star physical topology is common in smaller networks. It is easy to troubleshoot, and connection issues are limited to the cable and host affected. Bus and ring topologies are harder to troubleshoot. Extended star topologies are more suitable for larger, more complex networks.

Question 3

An enterprise has four branches. The headquarters needs full connectivity to all branches. The branches do not need to be connected directly to each other. Which WAN topology is most suitable?

• bus
• full mesh
• hub and spoke
• mesh
• point-to-point

A point-to-point topology only connects two nodes. A bus is a legacy topology for LANs. Mesh and full mesh topologies have more connectivity than needed (all or most of the branches will be connected to each other). A hub and spoke design will connect the headquarters to all of its branches, as desired.

Question 4

What is a characteristic of CSMA/CA that differs from CSMA/CD?

• CSMA/CA is suitable for networks with token ring topology.
• An end device sends a notification across the media before it sends a data frame.
• No collisions can exist within a local CSMA/CA network.
• CSMA/CA is a deterministic access method that controls use of the network.

Both CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA are contention-based access control methods. With CSMA/CD, each end device monitors the media for the presence of a data signal. If the media is free, the device transmits data. With CSMA/CA, each end device also examines the media for the presence of a data signal. If the media is free, the device sends a notification across the media of its intent to use it. The device then sends data. With this method, CSMA/CA avoids possible collisions but does not completely stop them.

Question 5

Which statement correctly describes the operation of CSMA/CD?

• The end device waits until it receives a token then transmits the data.
• The end device waits until there is no carrier signal, transmits a token, then transmits the data.
• The end device waits until there are no data signals then transmits the data while listening for collisions.
• The end device waits until there are no data signals, sends a notification that it is going to use the media, then transmits the data.

Nodes using carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) wait until the media is not being used before sending data. They will then listen for signals from other nodes that may indicate that a collision has occurred. If a node is using collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), it will notify the other nodes of its intent to transmit data to prevent a collision. Controlled access techniques, such as token passing, do not experience collisions.

Question 6

Which topology type describes the process that hosts use to access and communicate on a network?

• star
• logical
• physical
• bus

A physical topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected to a network. A star topology is a type of physical topology and has a central connection point, which is a device such as a hub, switch, or router. A bus topology is another type of physical topology where each computer connects to a common cable.

Question 7

How does a device use CSMA/CA technology to avoid collisions?

• It monitors the media and only begins to transmit when the media is free.
• It sends a notification before transmitting when the media is free.
• It uses a full-duplex channel for communication.
• It waits for a token before transmitting.

In CSMA/CA, the device examines the media for the presence of a data signal. If the media is free, the device sends a notification across the media of its intent to use it. The device then sends the data. This method is used by 802.11 wireless networking technologies.

Question 8

On a point-to-point network, which communication type is used when two devices can both transmit and receive but not at the same time?

• controlled access
• deterministic
• full-duplex
• half-duplex 

Half-duplex communication occurs when both devices can both transmit and receive on the medium but cannot do so simultaneously. Full-duplex communication occurs when both devices can transmit and receive on the medium at the same time. Half-duplex communication is typically contention-based, whereas controlled (deterministic) access is applied in technologies where devices take turns to access the medium.

Question 9

A dental office provides a WLAN in the waiting area for patients to access the Internet. The WLAN is equipped with a wireless router that connects to the Internet through a cable connection. Which data transmission mode is used by wireless devices?

• simplex
• half-duplex
• full-duplex
• multi-duplex

WLAN standards use carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA). Each wireless device that transmits data includes in the frame the time duration that it needs for the transmission. All other wireless devices receive this information and know how long the medium will be unavailable. Therefore, wireless devices operate in half-duplex mode.

Question 10

Which LAN topology requires a central intermediate device to connect end devices?

• bus
• ring
• mesh
• star

In a star network topology end devices are connected to a central intermediate device such as a hub or a switch.

Question 11

What is used on WLANs to avoid packet collisions?

• CSMA/CA
• STP
• VLANs
• SVIs

WLANs are half-duplex networks which means that only one client can transmit or receive at any given moment. WLANs use carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) to determine when to send data on the network to avoid packet collisions.

Question 12

What is the first step in the CSMA/CA process when a wireless client is attempting to communicate on the wireless network?

• The client listens for traffic on the channel.
• The client sends an RTS message to the AP.
• The AP sends a CTS message to the client.
• The client sends a test frame onto the channel.

When a wireless client is attempting to communicate on the network, it will first listen to the channel to be sure it is idle. Next, the client sends an request to send (RTS) message to the access point (AP) to request dedicated access to the network. The access point (AP) will then send a clear to send (CTS) message granting access to the client. The client will then transmit data.

Media Access Control Methods Quiz

 Media Access Control Methods

Question 1

Which duplex communication method is used in WLANs?

• half-duplex
• full-duplex
• simplex

Question 2

Which media access control methods are contention-based? (Choose two.)

• ARCNET
• CSMA/CD
• Token Ring
• CSMA/CA

Question 3

Which access control method requires the destination to send an acknowledgment so that sender knows the frame arrived?

• CSMA/CA
• Token Ring
• ARCNET
• CSMA/CD

Topologies Quiz

 Topologies

Question 1

Which topology displays networking device layer IP addresses?

• logical topology
• physical topology
• IP address topology

Question 2

What kind of physical networks are commonly used in WANs? (Choose three.)

• ring
• bus
• point-to-point
• mesh
• hub and spoke
• extended star

Question 3

Which LAN topology is a hybrid topology?

• extended star
• bus
• star
• ring

Question 4

Which LAN topology has all end systems chained to each other and terminated at the end?

• extended star
• ring
• bus
• star

Physical Layer Quiz

 Physical Layer Quiz

 

Question 1

What is an important function of the physical layer of the OSI model?

• It accepts frames from the physical media.
• It encapsulates upper layer data into frames.
• It defines the media access method performed by the hardware interface.
• It encodes frames into electrical, optical, or radio wave signals.

The physical layer of the OSI model accepts frames from the data link layer and encodes it for transport as bits across the network media.

Question 2

A network administrator is troubleshooting connectivity issues on a server. Using a tester, the administrator notices that the signals generated by the server NIC are distorted and not usable. In which layer of the OSI model is the error categorized?

• presentation layer
• network layer
• physical layer
• data link layer

The NIC has responsibilities in both Layer 1 and Layer 2. The NIC encodes the frame as a series of signals that are transmitted onto the local media. This is the responsibility of the physical layer of the OSI model. The signal could be in the form of electrical, optical, or radio waves.

Question 3 

What is the purpose of the OSI physical layer?

• controlling access to media
• transmitting bits across the local media
• performing error detection on received frames
• exchanging frames between nodes over physical network media

The physical layer is responsible for transmitting the actual signals across the physical media as bits. Exchanging frames, controlling media access, and performing error detection are all functions of the data link layer.

Question 4

Which statement correctly describes frame encoding?

• It uses the characteristic of one wave to modify another wave.
• It transmits data signals along with a clock signal which occurs at evenly spaced time durations.
• It generates the electrical, optical, or wireless signals that represent the binary numbers of the frame.
• It converts bits into a predefined code in order to provide a predictable pattern to help distinguish data bits from control bits.

Frame encoding converts a stream of data bits into a predefined code that is recognized by both the sender and receiver. These codes are used for a variety of purposes, such as distinguishing data bits from control bits, and identifying the beginning and end of a frame.

Question 5 

What is one advantage of using fiber-optic cabling rather than copper cabling?

•  It is usually cheaper than copper cabling.
•  It is able to be installed around sharp bends.
•  It is easier to terminate and install than copper cabling.
•  It is able to carry signals much farther than copper cabling.

Copper cabling is usually cheaper and easier to install than fiber-optic cabling. However, fiber cables generally have a much greater signaling range than copper.

Question 6 

Which pairs of wires change termination order between the 568A and 568B standards?

• green and orange
• green and brown
• blue and brown
• brown and orange

The difference between the 568A and 568B standards is the order in which the colored wire pairs are sequenced. It is the green and the orange pairs of wires that are swapped between the two standards.

Question 7 

What is the delay in the amount of time for data to travel between two points on a network?

• bandwidth
• throughput
• latency
• goodput

The difference between the 568A and 568B standards is the order in which the colored wire pairs are sequenced. It is the green and the orange pairs of wires that are swapped between the two standards.

Question 8

What terms represent the maximum and actual speed that can be utilized by a device to transfer data?

• bandwidth; throughput
• throughput; bandwidth
• bandwidth; goodput
• throughput; goodput

The difference between the 568A and 568B standards is the order in which the colored wire pairs are sequenced. It is the green and the orange pairs of wires that are swapped between the two standards.

Question 9

Which type of network cable contains multiple copper wires and uses extra shielding to prevent interference?

• STP
• UTP
• fiber-optic
• coax

Shielded twisted-pair (STP) cables contain additional shielding and is commonly used when electromagnetic interference (EMI) or radio frequency interference (RFI) would negatively affect the data communication crossing a network cable.

Question 10 

What is line encoding?

•  a method to represent digital information
•  a security method used to protect data being transmitted
•  a method to represent bits on the media
•  a method to change the level of an electrical signal or optical pulse on the media

Line encoding is a method of converting a stream of data bits into a predefined "code”. In other words, encoding is the method or pattern used to represent digital information. 

Question 11

What is a factor that determines the practical bandwidth of a network?

• physical media properties
• type of traffic
• amount of traffic
• latency caused by all intermediary devices

Line encoding is a method of converting a stream of data bits into a predefined "code”. In other words, encoding is the method or pattern used to represent digital information.

Question 12 

What are three options for signal transmission on a network? (Choose three.)

• radio waves
• vibration pulses
• sound waves
• electrical pulses
• light pulses

Electrical signals - Transmission is achieved by representing data as electrical pulses on copper wire.

Optical signals - Transmission is achieved by converting the electrical signals into light pulses.

Wireless signals - Transmission is achieved by using infrared, microwave, or radio waves through the air.

Fiber-Optic Cabling Quiz

 Fiber-Optic Cabling Quiz

Question 1

Which of the following fiber-optic cable types can help data travel approximately 500 meters?

single-mode

multimode

Question 2

Which of the following fiber-optic cable types use light emitting diodes (LEDs) as a data light source transmitter?

 single-mode

multimode

Question 3

Which of the following fiber-optic cable types use lasers in a single stream as a data light source transmitter?

single-mode

multimode

Question 4

Which of the following fiber-optic cable types is used to connect long-distance telephony and cable TV applications?

single-mode

multimode

Question 5

Which of the following fiber-optic cable types can travel approximately 100 km?

 single-mode

multimode

Question 6

Which of the following fiber-optic cable types is used within a campus network?

 single-mode

multimode

UTP Cabling Quiz

 Quiz UTP Cabling Quiz

UTP Cabling

For this activity, correctly order the wire colors to a ANSI/TIA cable pinout. Select a wire case color by clicking it. Then click a wire to apply that casing to it.

Select the pin case, then the cable pin to apply the casing.

T568A Pinout

 

T568B Pinout

Copper Cabling Quiz

Copper Cabling Quiz

Question 1

Which of the following attaches antennas to wireless devices? It can also be bundled with fiber-optic cabling for two-way data transmission.

coaxial

UTP

STP

Question 2

Which of the following counters EMI and RFI by using shielding techniques and special connectors?

 UTP

STP

Coaxial

Question 3

Which of the following is the most common network media?

coaxial

UTP

STP

Question 4

Which of the following terminates with BNC, N type and F type connectors?

coaxial

STP

UTP

Purpose of the Physical Layer

 

Purpose of the Physical Layer Quiz

Question 1

True or false? The physical layer is only concerned with wired network connections.

True

False

Question 2

True or false? The physical layer is only concerned with wired network connections.

True

False

Question 3

The physical layer of the receiving device passes bits up to which higher level layer?

Application

Presentation

Network

Data link

Question 4

What PDU is received by the physical layer for encoding and transmission?

Frame

Segment

Packet

Network Addressing and Basic Troubleshooting (Quiz and Answers)

Module 1: Physical Layer Quiz:  

1. Purpose of the Physical Layer - Click Here
2. Physical Layer Characteristics - Click Here
3. Copper Cabling - Click Here
4. UTP Cabling- Click Here
5. Fiber-Optic Cabling - Click Here
6. Physical Layer Quiz- Click Here

Module 2: Data Link Layer:

1. Topologies - Click Here 
2. Media Access Control Methods- Click Here
3. Data Link Layer  - Click Here

Module 3: Network Layer:

1. How a Host Routes - Click Here