Properties of UTP Cabling
UTP has
four pairs of color-coded copper wires twisted together and encased in a
flexible plastic sheath. No shielding is used. UTP relies on the following
properties to limit crosstalk:
- Cancellation - Each wire in a pair of wires uses opposite polarity. One wire is negative, the other wire is positive. They are twisted together and the magnetic fields effectively cancel each other and outside EMI/RFI.
- Variation in twists per foot in each wire - Each wire is twisted a different amount, which helps prevent crosstalk amongst the wires in the cable.
UTP Cabling Standards and Connectors
Standards
for UTP are established by the TIA/EIA. TIA/EIA-568 standardizes elements like:
- Cable Types
- Cable Lengths
- Connectors
- Cable Termination
- Testing Methods
Electrical
standards for copper cabling are established by the IEEE, which rates cable
according to its performance. Examples include:
- Category 3
- Category 5 and 5e
- Category 6
Straight-through and Crossover UTP Cables
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